AirspaceISAC Low-Altitude Air Mobility & eVTOL Deconfliction

AirspaceISAC defines low-altitude urban airspace management, cellular base station radar deconfliction for electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, and precision vertiport landing radar.

AirspaceISAC Urban Air Mobility Radar Architecture

ISAC Core: Airspace Core — eVTOL Deconfliction & Vertiport Radar

6G ISAC Nodes & Beamforming Subsystems

Cellular gNodeB Radar Mesh
Micro-Doppler Rotor Classifier
4D Flight Corridor Arbiter
Vertiport Precision Touchdown Radar
FAA UTM Compliance Enclave

Architectural Layers & Waveform Pipelines

Layer 1: Dual-Functional Waveform & Baseband (OTFS / OFDM-Radar / Fractional Fourier Transform / Ambiguity Function): Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation and fractional chirp synthesis achieving zero inter-carrier interference under severe Doppler spreads.
Layer 2: Massive MIMO & Beamforming Frontends (140 GHz D-Band / True-Time-Delay (TTD) / Hybrid Analog-Digital Beamforming): Sub-THz active phased array architectures with true-time-delay beam-squint mitigation, simultaneous communication data beams and pencil radar tracking lobes.
Layer 3: Radar Signal Processing & 4D Point Cloud (2D-FFT Range-Doppler / MUSIC AoA / CFAR Detection / Micro-Doppler Extraction): Sub-decimeter range and velocity resolution, constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) detection, and micro-Doppler biomechanical gait and drone propeller classification.
Layer 4: Network Sensing Orchestration & 3GPP Rel-19 (3GPP Rel-19 ISAC Core / Sensing Function (SF) / Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS)): Cell-free collaborative radar networks, dynamic time-frequency resource allocation balancing communication SLA against radar revisit time.

Sensing Telemetry & Benchmarks: <5 cm (Range Resolution) | 0.1 m/s (Velocity Precision) | <10 ms (Radar Frame Latency) | 3GPP Rel-19 (Global Standard)

eVTOL Flight Corridors & Drone Deconfliction in AirspaceISAC

The introduction of thousands of passenger eVTOL aircraft and commercial delivery drones into dense city skylines demands continuous radar coverage below 1,000 feet. AirspaceISAC turns ubiquitous cellular base station networks into a distributed airspace radar grid.

Core Engineering Areas

Low-Altitude eVTOL Deconfliction and 4D Corridor Slicing — Utilizing municipal cellular base station networks to track non-cooperative drones, birds, and obstacles in low-altitude passenger flight paths.
Micro-Drone Classification via Micro-Doppler Rotor Signatures — Deep neural classifiers analyzing high-frequency blade micro-Doppler modulations to distinguish drones from birds and kites.
Vertiport Precision Touchdown Radar Guidance — Rooftop and ground-level radar arrays guiding autonomous eVTOL landing gear into tight urban vertipad touchdown slots.